致谢
Acknowledgments
我们希望感谢很多帮助我们编写这本书和开发这门课程的人。
We would like to thank the many people who have helped us develop this book and this curriculum.
我们的课程是Jack Wozencraft和Arthur Evans, Jr在20世纪60年代后期在MIT教授的关于程序设计语言学和λ演算的“6.231”课程的后继。
Our subject is a clear intellectual descendant of ''6.231,'' a wonderful subject on programming linguistics and the lambda calculus taught at MIT in the late 1960s by Jack Wozencraft and Arthur Evans, Jr.
我们从Robert Fano身上借鉴了很多，他重新组织了MIT在电子工程和计算机科学领域的入门课程。他带领我们启动这项伟大的事业，还写了第一套课程笔记，而本书就是由这些笔记演变而来的。
We owe a great debt to Robert Fano, who reorganized MIT's introductory curriculum in electrical engineering and computer science to emphasize the principles of engineering design. He led us in starting out on this enterprise and wrote the first set of subject notes from which this book evolved.
我们传授的很多程序的风格和美学都是与Guy Lewis Steele Jr.共同制定的，他曾与Gerald Jay Sussman在早期Scheme开发中共事。此外，David Turner，Peter Henderson，Dan Friedman，David Wise和Will Clinger教给了我们许多出现在本书中的来自函数式编程社区的技巧。
Much of the style and aesthetics of programming that we try to teach were developed in conjunction with Guy Lewis Steele Jr., who collaborated with Gerald Jay Sussman in the initial development of the Scheme language. In addition, David Turner, Peter Henderson, Dan Friedman, David Wise, and Will Clinger have taught us many of the techniques of the functional programming community that appear in this book.
Joel Moses教会了我们如何构建大型系统。他在做符号计算的Macsyma系统上的工作经验启发我们应避免控制的复杂性，并专注于组织数据，使其能反映世界的真实结构。
Joel Moses taught us about structuring large systems. His experience with the Macsyma system for symbolic computation provided the insight that one should avoid complexities of control and concentrate on organizing the data to reflect the real structure of the world being modeled.
我们吸收了很多Marvin Minsky和Seymour Papert对于编程和它在我们有智慧的生命中地位的观念。“有些想法精确处理起来太复杂，而计算为探究它们提供了一种表达方式”是我们从他们身上借鉴的认识。他们强调，学生编写和修改程序的能力可以提供一种强有力的媒介，在这种媒介中探究能成为自然的活动。
Marvin Minsky and Seymour Papert formed many of our attitudes about programming and its place in our intellectual lives. To them we owe the understanding that computation provides a means of expression for exploring ideas that would otherwise be too complex to deal with precisely. They emphasize that a student's ability to write and modify programs provides a powerful medium in which exploring becomes a natural activity.
我们也非常同意Alan Perlis对于编程很有趣，以及我们最好小心地保障编程乐趣的看法。这份乐趣部分来自观察大师工作。我们很幸运能做Bill Gosper和Richard Greenblatt门下的学徒程序员。
We also strongly agree with Alan Perlis that programming is lots of fun and we had better be careful to support the joy of programming. Part of this joy derives from observing great masters at work. We are fortunate to have been apprentice programmers at the feet of Bill Gosper and Richard Greenblatt.
提及所有为我们课程的开发做出贡献的人是很困难的。我们感谢所有和我们在过去十五年内共事，并将很多额外的时间投入在我们的课程上的讲师、助教和导师，尤其是Bill Siebert，Albert Meyer，Joe Stoy，Randy Davis，Louis Braida，Eric Grimson，Rod Brooks，Lynn Stein和Peter Szolovits。我们特别要感谢现在供职于韦尔斯利学院的Franklyn Turbak作出的卓越贡献，他在本科生教学上的工作为我们设立了一个可以仰慕的标准。我们感谢Jerry Saltzer和Jim Miller帮助我们解开并发的谜团。同时也要感谢Peter Szolovits和David McAllester在第四章中对于非确定性的阐述。
It is difficult to identify all the people who have contributed to the development of our curriculum. We thank all the lecturers, recitation instructors, and tutors who have worked with us over the past fifteen years and put in many extra hours on our subject, especially Bill Siebert, Albert Meyer, Joe Stoy, Randy Davis, Louis Braida, Eric Grimson, Rod Brooks, Lynn Stein, and Peter Szolovits. We would like to specially acknowledge the outstanding teaching contributions of Franklyn Turbak, now at Wellesley; his work in undergraduate instruction set a standard that we can all aspire to. We are grateful to Jerry Saltzer and Jim Miller for helping us grapple with the mysteries of concurrency, and to Peter Szolovits and David McAllester for their contributions to the exposition of nondeterministic evaluation in chapter 4.
很多人都为在其他大学展示这些材料而付出了极大的努力。这些人中与我们密切合作过的包括以色列理工学院的Jacob Katzenelson、加州大学欧文分校的Hardy Mayer、牛津大学的Joe Stoy、普度大学的Elisha Sacks和挪威科技大学的科莫Jan Komorowski。我们为我们在其他大学改编这门课程而获得重要教学奖项的同事感到格外自豪，这包括在耶鲁大学的Kenneth Yip、在加州大学伯克莱分校的Brian Harvey以及在康奈尔大学的Dan Huttenlocher。
Many people have put in significant effort presenting this material at other universities. Some of the people we have worked closely with are Jacob Katzenelson at the Technion, Hardy Mayer at the University of California at Irvine, Joe Stoy at Oxford, Elisha Sacks at Purdue, and Jan Komorowski at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology. We are exceptionally proud of our colleagues who have received major teaching awards for their adaptations of this subject at other universities, including Kenneth Yip at Yale, Brian Harvey at the University of California at Berkeley, and Dan Huttenlocher at Cornell.
Al Moyé帮我们安排了向惠普公司的工程师们讲授这份材料，还有这些讲座录像带的生产。我们想感谢所有才华横溢的导师，尤其是Jim Miller，Bill Siebert和Mike Eisenberg，这些人设计了与录像带结合的持续性课程，并在全球的大学和产业机构讲授它们。
Al Moyé arranged for us to teach this material to engineers at Hewlett-Packard, and for the production of videotapes of these lectures. We would like to thank the talented instructors -- in particular Jim Miller, Bill Siebert, and Mike Eisenberg -- who have designed continuing education courses incorporating these tapes and taught them at universities and industry all over the world.
很多其他国家的教育工作者为翻译此书初版做出了卓有成效的工作。Michel Briand, Pierre Chamard和André Pic翻译了法文版；Susanne Daniels-Herold翻译了德文版；Fumio Motoyoshi翻译了日文版。我们不知道是谁翻译了中文版，但我们将被选为“未经授权”翻译的对象视为一种荣幸。
Many educators in other countries have put in significant work translating the first edition. Michel Briand, Pierre Chamard, and André Pic produced a French edition; Susanne Daniels-Herold produced a German edition; and Fumio Motoyoshi produced a Japanese edition. We do not know who produced the Chinese edition, but we consider it an honor to have been selected as the subject of an ''unauthorized'' translation.
为我们用于教学目的Scheme系统作出技术上贡献的人不胜枚举。除了Guy Steele，主要的向导还包括Chris Hanson，Joe Bowbeer，Jim Miller，Guillermo Rozas和Stephen Adams。其他投入为此了大量时间的人有Richard Stallman，Alan Bawden，Kent Pitman，Jon Taft，Neil Mayle，John Lamping，Gwyn Osnos，Tracy Larrabee，George Carrette，Soma Chaudhuri，Bill Chiarchiaro，Steven Kirsch，Leigh Klotz，Wayne Noss，Todd Cass，Patrick O'Donnell，Kevin Theobald，Daniel Weise，Kenneth Sinclair，Anthony Courtemanche，Henry M. Wu，Andrew Berlin和Ruth Shyu.
It is hard to enumerate all the people who have made technical contributions to the development of the Scheme systems we use for instructional purposes. In addition to Guy Steele, principal wizards have included Chris Hanson, Joe Bowbeer, Jim Miller, Guillermo Rozas, and Stephen Adams. Others who have put in significant time are Richard Stallman, Alan Bawden, Kent Pitman, Jon Taft, Neil Mayle, John Lamping, Gwyn Osnos, Tracy Larrabee, George Carrette, Soma Chaudhuri, Bill Chiarchiaro, Steven Kirsch, Leigh Klotz, Wayne Noss, Todd Cass, Patrick O'Donnell, Kevin Theobald, Daniel Weise, Kenneth Sinclair, Anthony Courtemanche, Henry M. Wu, Andrew Berlin, and Ruth Shyu.
在MIT的实现之上，我们希望感谢致力于制定IEEE Scheme标准的很多人，包括编写了R4RS的William Clinger和Jonathan Rees，以及准备了IEEE标准的Chris Haynes，David Bartley，Chris Hanson和Jim Miller。
Beyond the MIT implementation, we would like to thank the many people who worked on the IEEE Scheme standard, including William Clinger and Jonathan Rees, who edited the R4RS, and Chris Haynes, David Bartley, Chris Hanson, and Jim Miller, who prepared the IEEE standard.
Dan Friedman是Scheme社区的长期领袖。这个社区的工作范围不但包括语言设计的问题，还涉及重大的教育创新，比如基于Schemer's公司的产品EdScheme的中学课程，还有由Mike Eisenberg编写的以及由Brian Harvey和Matthew Wright合著的精彩书籍。
Dan Friedman has been a long-time leader of the Scheme community. The community's broader work goes beyond issues of language design to encompass significant educational innovations, such as the high-school curriculum based on EdScheme by Schemer's Inc., and the wonderful books by Mike Eisenberg and by Brian Harvey and Matthew Wright.
我们感谢那些将这些变成一本真正的书的人，尤其是MIT出版社的Terry Ehling，Larry Cohen和Paul Bethge。Ella Mazel找到了精美的封面图片。对于第二版，我们尤其感谢Bernard和Ella Mazel对于书籍设计的帮助，以及大卫·琼斯这个非凡的TEX向导。我们还感激那些对新的初稿作出犀利评论的读者：Jacob Katzenelson, Hardy Mayer, Jim Miller，尤其要感谢Brian Harvey，他为这本书做的就像朱莉对他的Simply Scheme一书做的一样多。
We appreciate the work of those who contributed to making this a real book, especially Terry Ehling, Larry Cohen, and Paul Bethge at the MIT Press. Ella Mazel found the wonderful cover image. For the second edition we are particularly grateful to Bernard and Ella Mazel for help with the book design, and to David Jones, TEX wizard extraordinaire. We also are indebted to those readers who made penetrating comments on the new draft: Jacob Katzenelson, Hardy Mayer, Jim Miller, and especially Brian Harvey, who did unto this book as Julie did unto his book Simply Scheme.
最后，我们想感谢多年来一直鼓励这项工作的组织，包括Ira Goldstein和Joel Birnbaum实现的惠普公司的支持，以及Bob Kahn实现的美国国防部高级研究计划局支持。
Finally, we would like to acknowledge the support of the organizations that have encouraged this work over the years, including support from Hewlett-Packard, made possible by Ira Goldstein and Joel Birnbaum, and support from DARPA, made possible by Bob Kahn.